１．重なりを省く・注釈を加える
A. 代用
I think the students you have to be wary of are the really clever ones.
Sometimes they are overconfident and question the teacher’s decisions,
believing they have every right to do so. One of the kids in my class
did that, but I jumped on him immediately and told him in no uncertain
terms I would not tolerate such behavior. That was the last time he did it!
I don’t care about fashion, but my girlfriend does.
My older son hardly ever watches TV, but my younger son does.
I didn’t cheat on the test, honest! – Nobody is saying that you did.
The lottery winner was ecstatic, and she had every reason to be so.
I think Spanish people speak very quickly and Italians even more so.
Look, I might be able to finish work early today. If so, how about we catch dinner and a movie?
Do you mean we have to start again from scratch? – I’m afraid so.
Will they give you a loan? – I hope so.
B. 省略
A: My Dad said he would drive us to the baseball stadium on Saturday,
but he can’t drive us… . So now I have no idea who will take us.
B: Maybe my Dad will take us. Oh, no. He is playing golf this Saturday, and
my older brother is playing golf … too. How about Jerry? He has a car.
A: Jerry? Last time you asked him, he left us in the lurch.
B: That wasn’t my fault.
A: I’m not saying it was your fault! I’m saying he’s not reliable.
He never has been reliable. Mmm… I know, I’ll ask Momomi, the girl I met
while I was working at Cocos. She’s not contacted me for a while, but she
is still a good friend. Though she’s not the ideal choice, she may, if she is
asked nicely, help us out.
B: Well, you can try if you want to try. I don’t have a better idea.
Fingers crossed!
Who will take us to the airport? – My old brother will (take us to the airport).
I’ve decided to study abroad next year, and my best friend has (decided to
study abroad next year) too.
Kerry is late again. – He always is (late)!
She’s been on a diet for 3 months but (she) is still overweight.
I took some great photos while (I was) holidaying in Australia.
Children, when (they are) accompanied by an adult, are allowed in the museum.
If (it’s) possible, I’d like to change my appointment time.
I’ll give you a hand, if you want me to (give you a hand).
I should be there by 7, but if not, I’ll call you. そうでなければ、
I bet only a handful, if any, of the students will volunteer. 少しでもあるとしたら、
C. 注釈を加える（同格・挿入）
We heard a rumor that one of our teachers was fired. Ms. Williams, our English
teacher, was every student’s favorite. The rumor, fortunately, was false.
She was leaving, it turned out, to get married!
Mr. Bates, the owner of the shop that was burgled, looked devastated.
We heard a rumor (that) one of our teachers was fired.
I came to the conclusion that it was pointless discussing anything with her.
belief 信念
feeling 感じ
hunch 予感
Everyone advised me to sell my car. I decided, however, that it would be better to keep it.
Your performance today was, to be honest, pretty terrible.
Flamenco, for example, is extremely popular in Japan.
Barça is, I think, the best soccer team in the world.
It turned out that she was leaving to get married.
She was leaving, it turned out, to get married.
２．レポートする
Lucy said, “I love you”.
Lucy said she loved me.
“Let’s have a party,” Tom said [said Tom ( × said he)].
倒置
Nancy said, “I will pick up the kids at 10″.
Nancy said that she would pick up the kids at 10. 時制の一致
My Dad said to me, “I‘ll lend you the money”.
My Dad said he would lend me the money.
My brother called from Paris and said, “I’m leaving here tomorrow“.
My brother called from Paris and said he was leaving there the next day.
here there
now then
ago before/earlier
today that day
yesterday the day before / the previous day
next week the next week / the following week
The secretary said, “The Headmaster left his office about an hour ago [× before].”
The secretary said the Headmaster had left his office about an hour before/earlier [ × ago].
The boys promised that they would stop teasing the girls.
My doctor advised that we should get the flu injection.
The government warned that people should avoid traveling to that country.
Many parents complained that the school fees were too high.
John told me he would be late. 動詞の後ろに常に目的語が必要
tell 言う
inform 知らせる
notify 通知する
persuade 説得する
remind 思い出させる
assure 確信させる
John promised (me) that he would marry me.
John admitted to me that he was lying. 前置詞を必要とする
say to 言う
agree with 同意する
complain to 文句を言う
explain to 説明する
She asked, “Do you like the movie?”
-> She asked me if (whether) I liked the movie.
She asked, “Where do you live?”
-> She asked me where I lived.
inquire
He said, “Let’s try again.”
-> He suggested we (should) try again.
propose
recommend
advise
She said to me, “I love you.”
-> She confessed her love to me.
She asked, “Where is he?”
-> She asked his whereabouts.
He said, “Let’s try again.”
-> he suggested trying again.
My Mom said, “Be back by midnight.”
-> My Mom told me to be back by midnight.
The librarian said, “Don’t eat in the library.”
-> The librarian told us not to eat in the library.
My teammates said to me, “Do your best.”
-> My teammates encouraged me to do my best.
The teacher said to the class, “Study hard for the test.”
-> The teacher advised us to study hard for the test.
